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The Ukrainian Helsinki Group ((ウクライナ語:Українська Гельсінська Група)) was founded on November 9, 1976 as the “Ukrainian Public Group to Promote the Implementation of the Helsinki Accords on Human Rights” ((ウクライナ語:Українська громадська група сприяння виконанню гельсінських угод, ''Ukrayins’ka hromads’ka hrupa spryyannya vykonannyu hel’sins’kykh uhod'')) to monitor human rights in Ukraine.〔''History of dissent in Ukraine, by Yevhen Zakharov, Museum of dissident movement in Ukraine.''〕 The group was active until 1981 when all members were jailed. The group's goal was to monitor the Soviet Government's compliance with the Helsinki Accords, which ensure human rights. The members of the group based the group's legal viability on the provision in the Helsinki Final Act, Principle VII, which established the rights of individuals to know and act upon their rights and duties. ==Details== From the very early days the group endured the repressions of Soviet authorities. Four of its 10 founding members were sent to prison for participating in human rights work.〔10th Anniversary of the Ukrainian Helsinki Group, by Nina Strokata, ''Ukrainian Weekly'', November 9, 1986.〕 They were charged with the Article 62 of Criminal Code of Ukrainian SSR – "Anti-Soviet agitaton and propaganda" which included 7-10 years of imprisonment and 5 years of exile. Since 1977 the Ukrainian Helsinki Group foreign affiliate began its activities with the participation of Petro Hryhorenko, Nadiya Svitlychna, Leonid Plyushch and later Nina Strokata-Karavanska Nadiya Svitlichna began to host the human rights themed radio programs on Svoboda radio. At the end of 1979, six members of the group were forcibly sent to emigration, other Ukrainian dissidents were not allowed to emigrate. Soviet authorities used even punitive medicine in their efforts to restrict human rights movement. Some Ukrainian Helsinki Group members (Oksana Meshko, Vasyl Stus, Petro Sichko and his son Vasyl) experienced the threat of psychiatric terror. Hanna Mykhailenko, who was a sympathizer of the Group, had been incarcerated in a psychiatric prison in 1980. Underutilization of medical care in Soviet camps and prisons later caused the deaths of UHG members Oleksiy Tykhy and Vasyl Stus. In 1982 the Initiative Group for the Defense of Believers and the Church was established, which considered itself a part of the Helsinki movement in Ukraine.〔 The organizers of it, Yosyp Terelia and Vasyl Kobryn were both sentenced in 1985. Some political prisoners from outside Ukraine (Estonian Mart Niklus and Lithuanian Viktoras Petkus) announced their symbolical membership in Group in 1983. By the estimations of Vasyl Ovsyenko, the Group involved 41 persons in total. About 27 of them were sentenced by Soviet authorities to prisons and camps directly for their membership in the association. They spent altogether about 170 years in prisons, mental hospitals and exile. On July 7, 1988 members of group established and officially registered the Ukrainian Helsinki Association that eventually transformed into the Ukrainian Republican Party in 1990. In 2004, the Ukrainian Helsinki Human Rights Union was established as association of public human rights organizations. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ukrainian Helsinki Group」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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